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Imported mucosal leishmaniasis in a traveler
1Department of Dermatology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel.
Summary
A traveler developed nasal symptoms years after skin ulcers from Leishmania viannia braziliensis, a South American parasite. Early mucosal examination is recommended for travelers with this infection.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Parasitology
- Travel Medicine
Background:
- Mucosal leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Leishmania parasites.
- Leishmania viannia braziliensis is endemic in South America and can cause mucocutaneous disease.
- Travelers returning from endemic areas are at risk of acquiring leishmaniasis.
Observation:
- A case of a traveler returning from South America who developed nasal symptoms 2 months after cutaneous ulcers.
- The patient was diagnosed with mucosal Leishmania viannia braziliensis infection 5 years after initial symptoms.
- This highlights a delayed presentation of mucosal leishmaniasis.
Findings:
- The case demonstrates a significant delay in diagnosis of mucosal leishmaniasis.
- Review of previous cases in travelers indicates a pattern of delayed presentation.
- Leishmania viannia braziliensis can cause severe mucosal disease even after initial cutaneous manifestation.
Implications:
- Mucosal examination should be a routine part of follow-up for travelers with Leishmania viannia braziliensis infection.
- Mucosal leishmaniasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mucosal lesions in travelers from South America.
- Increased awareness and diagnostic vigilance are crucial for early detection and treatment of travel-associated leishmaniasis.