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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra. Schrödinger...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Deterministic quantum teleportation with atoms.

M Riebe¹, H Häffner, C F Roos

¹Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

|June 18, 2004

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers achieved deterministic quantum-state teleportation between trapped calcium ions. This breakthrough overcomes probabilistic methods, demonstrating a significant advancement in quantum information transfer.

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Area of Science:

Quantum physics
Quantum information science
Atomic physics

Background:

Quantum-state teleportation transfers quantum information between particles.
Previous methods using entangled photons were probabilistic and required post-selection.
Quantum mechanics presents challenges due to measurement altering quantum states.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate deterministic quantum-state teleportation.
To overcome the probabilistic nature of previous teleportation techniques.
To showcase the potential of trapped ions for quantum information processing.

Main Methods:

Utilized a pair of entangled trapped calcium ions.
Performed a complete Bell-state measurement involving one ion from the entangled pair and a third ion.
Executed state reconstruction on the remaining ion of the entangled pair, conditioned on the measurement outcome.

Main Results:

Achieved deterministic quantum-state teleportation between trapped calcium ions.
Measured a fidelity of 75% for the teleportation process.
Provided unequivocal evidence for the quantum nature of the demonstrated teleportation.

Conclusions:

Deterministic quantum-state teleportation is achievable using trapped ions.
This method offers an improvement over probabilistic photonic approaches.
The results highlight the viability of trapped ions for robust quantum information transfer.