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Evolution of our understanding of the pathophysiology of primary mesenteric venous thrombosis

C S Kitchens1

  • 1Veterans Administration Medical Center, Medical Service, Gainesville, Florida 32608.

American Journal of Surgery
|March 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

Mesenteric venous thrombosis is a rare condition. Identifying inherited hypercoagulable disorders can explain many idiopathic cases, improving diagnosis and treatment outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is a rare and often insidious condition.
  • Historically, about half of MVT cases were classified as primary or idiopathic.
  • These idiopathic cases frequently correlated with personal or familial histories of thromboembolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying causes of idiopathic mesenteric venous thrombosis.
  • To explore the role of inherited hypercoagulable disorders in MVT.
  • To emphasize the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical case data on mesenteric venous thrombosis.
  • Analysis of patient histories for thromboembolic events.
  • Genetic and biochemical assessment for inherited thrombophilias (e.g., protein C, protein S, antithrombin III deficiencies).

Main Results:

  • Inherited hypercoagulable disorders are likely responsible for a significant portion of previously 'idiopathic' MVT cases.
  • Deficiencies in protein C, protein S, and antithrombin III are identified as probable causes.
  • Modern imaging techniques facilitate earlier diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying inherited thrombophilias can elucidate the etiology of many idiopathic MVT cases.
  • Prompt diagnosis through advanced imaging and timely anticoagulant therapy are crucial for reducing mortality in MVT.

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