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Sub-two nanometer single crystal Au nanowires.

Ziyang Huo1, Chia-Kuang Tsung, Wenyu Huang

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

Nano Letters
|June 10, 2008
PubMed
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Ultrathin single crystal gold nanowires were synthesized using a simple room-temperature mixing method. This process involves a stepwise reduction of gold and relies on the cooperative interaction between precursors and oleylamine for nanowire formation.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Inorganic Chemistry

Background:

  • The synthesis of ultrathin single crystal metal nanowires is crucial for advanced electronic and catalytic applications.
  • Controlling the growth mechanism of one-dimensional nanomaterials remains a significant challenge in nanoscience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a facile and high-yield method for synthesizing ultrathin single crystal gold nanowires.
  • To elucidate the growth mechanism of these gold nanowires, focusing on precursor reduction and self-assembly.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis via room-temperature mixing of tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl 4) and oleylamine.
  • Characterization using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) for morphology and crystallinity.
  • X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to study the stepwise reduction of gold species.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small-angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) to investigate mesostructure formation.

    • Main Results:

    • Ultrathin single crystal gold nanowires (approx. 1.6 nm diameter, few micrometers length) were synthesized with high yield.
    • HRTEM confirmed single crystallinity and growth along the [111] direction.
    • XPS revealed a stepwise reduction process: Au (3+) → Au (+) → Au (0).
    • SAXS and SAXRD indicated the formation of a mesostructure intermediate, followed by slow in situ reduction to form nanowires.

    Conclusions:

    • A novel growth mechanism for ultrathin gold nanowires was proposed, involving mesostructure formation and subsequent slow reduction.
    • The cooperative interaction, organization, and reaction between inorganic precursors and oleylamine are key to this growth mechanism.
    • This method offers a promising route for the scalable production of high-quality gold nanowires.