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Related Concept Videos

What are Membranes?01:54

What are Membranes?

A key characteristic of life is the ability to separate the external environment from the internal space. To do this, cells have evolved semi-permeable membranes that regulate the passage of biological molecules. Additionally, the cell membrane defines a cell’s shape and interactions with the external environment. Eukaryotic cell membranes also serve to compartmentalize the internal space into organelles, including the endomembrane structures of the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi...
Aquaporins01:25

Aquaporins

Aquaporins or AQPs are a family of integral membrane proteins whose primary function is to transport water, while some called aquaglyceroporins also transport glycerol. In addition, aquaporins have also been suspected to be involved in transporting volatile substances, such as carbon dioxide and ammonia, across membranes. Such AQPs that act as gas channels are often highly expressed in cells involved in the gaseous exchange, such as red blood cells, epithelial cells, and pulmonary capillaries.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Graphene Enclosure of Chemically Fixed Mammalian Cells for Liquid-Phase Electron Microscopy
10:12

Graphene Enclosure of Chemically Fixed Mammalian Cells for Liquid-Phase Electron Microscopy

Published on: September 21, 2020

Impermeable atomic membranes from graphene sheets.

J Scott Bunch1, Scott S Verbridge, Jonathan S Alden

  • 1Cornell Center for Materials Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.

Nano Letters
|July 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A single layer of graphene acts as an impermeable barrier to gases like helium. This discovery allows for precise measurement of graphene's elastic constants and mass using the world's thinnest balloon.

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Electrophoretic Crystallization of Ultrathin High-performance Metal-organic Framework Membranes
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Electrophoretic Crystallization of Ultrathin High-performance Metal-organic Framework Membranes

Published on: August 16, 2018

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Graphene Enclosure of Chemically Fixed Mammalian Cells for Liquid-Phase Electron Microscopy
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Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding

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Electrophoretic Crystallization of Ultrathin High-performance Metal-organic Framework Membranes
07:45

Electrophoretic Crystallization of Ultrathin High-performance Metal-organic Framework Membranes

Published on: August 16, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Physics

Background:

  • Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms, has unique properties.
  • Understanding its barrier properties is crucial for applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if a monolayer graphene membrane is impermeable to standard gases.
  • To measure the elastic constants and mass of a single graphene layer.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a pressurized graphene membrane as a separation barrier.
  • Applying a pressure difference across the membrane to conduct measurements.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated impermeability of monolayer graphene to standard gases, including helium.
  • Successfully measured elastic constants and mass of a single graphene layer.

Conclusions:

  • Monolayer graphene serves as an effective atomic-scale separation barrier.
  • The pressurized membrane method enables precise characterization of single-layer graphene properties.