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Related Concept Videos

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
The Joule and Joule–Thomson Experiments01:23

The Joule and Joule–Thomson Experiments

Consider an adiabatic system composed of two chambers, A and B, designed such that no heat flows into or out of the system. Initially, chamber A is filled with a gas at a fixed temperature T1, pressure p1, and volume V1, while chamber B is evacuated. The gas is then gradually forced through a rigid, porous barrier to chamber B, ultimately reaching temperature T2, pressure p2, and volume V2. A piston on the right side maintains a constant pressure (p2), which is lower than p1. The significant...
Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

Assessing tympanic membrane temperature involves using a tympanic membrane thermometer (TMT). Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
Step 3: Slide the probe cover in place to prevent cross-contamination.
Step 4: Instruct the patient to tilt their head to the side for comfort and check for cerumen...
P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...

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Related Experiment Video

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Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices
08:29

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices

Published on: June 3, 2015

Primary tunnel junction thermometry.

Jukka P Pekola1, Tommy Holmqvist, Matthias Meschke

  • 1Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 3500, 02015 TKK, Finland.

Physical Review Letters
|December 31, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new primary thermometry method using a four-probe measurement of a single tunnel junction. This approach avoids errors and directly links temperature to the Boltzmann constant for future temperature scales.

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Area of Science:

  • Metrology
  • Thermodynamics
  • Quantum Electronics

Background:

  • Current temperature scales rely on empirical definitions.
  • Primary thermometry aims to define temperature based on fundamental physical constants.
  • Tunnel junctions offer unique quantum phenomena for precise measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel primary thermometry concept.
  • To experimentally demonstrate its feasibility.
  • To establish a foundation for future temperature scale definitions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a four-probe measurement technique.
  • Employing a single tunnel junction embedded within four arrays of junctions.
  • Relating temperature directly to the Boltzmann constant.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated the primary thermometry concept experimentally.
  • Showed the avoidance of random sample-specific errors.
  • Showed the avoidance of environment-related errors.

Conclusions:

  • The described method provides a new pathway for primary thermometry.
  • This technique can form the basis for future definitions of temperature.
  • It enables the realization of official temperature scales based on fundamental constants.