Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 18, 2026
03:48
Restraint to Induce Stress in Mice and Rats
Published on: December 6, 2024
Physical and chemical restraints.
Victoria A Coburn1, Mark B Mycyk
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, 1 Boston Medical Center Place, Dowling 1 South, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America
|November 26, 2009
Summary
Managing combative patients in emergency departments is crucial. This article reviews de-escalation techniques and the risks associated with physical and chemical restraints for patient safety.
Area of Science:
- Emergency Medicine
- Patient Safety
- Behavioral Health
Background:
- Combative or uncooperative patient behavior presents a significant challenge in emergency departments.
- Restraint use in these patients increases the risk of adverse outcomes.
- De-escalation techniques are increasingly emphasized to minimize restraint necessity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine de-escalation techniques for managing agitated patients.
- To review the indications for and risks of physical and chemical restraints.
- To inform best practices in emergency department patient management.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of de-escalation strategies.
- Analysis of evidence regarding physical restraint risks.
- Examination of chemical restraint protocols and safety.
Main Results:
- De-escalation is a primary strategy to reduce restraint use.
- Physical restraints carry inherent risks, including injury and psychological distress.
- Chemical restraints require careful consideration of medication, dosage, and monitoring.
Conclusions:
- Effective de-escalation is key to improving emergency department safety.
- Judicious use of restraints, when necessary, must prioritize patient well-being.
- Further research into optimal restraint and de-escalation protocols is warranted.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:57Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter
The characteristics that enable us to distinguish one substance from another are called properties.
01:30Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II
Rural Health Centers
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
01:29Spasmolytic Agents: Chemical Classification
Spasmolytic agents are drugs used to alleviate muscle spasms and spasticity. They can be categorized into different chemical groups based on their mechanisms of action. Centrally acting spasmolytics primarily affect the spinal cord, while others directly target skeletal muscle cells.
A major class of centrally acting spasmolytics is the α2-agonist, such as tizanidine. These drugs bind to α2-adrenoceptors, inhibiting the release of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. They also promote...
A major class of centrally acting spasmolytics is the α2-agonist, such as tizanidine. These drugs bind to α2-adrenoceptors, inhibiting the release of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. They also promote...
01:19Chemical Reactions
A chemical reaction is a process by which the bonds in the atoms of substances are rearranged to generate new substances. Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction—the same type and number of atoms that make up the reactants are still present in the products. Merely, the rearrangement of chemical bonds produces new compounds.
Chemical Reactions Rearrange Atoms into New Substances
A chemical reaction takes starting materials—the reactants—and changes them into different...
Chemical Reactions Rearrange Atoms into New Substances
A chemical reaction takes starting materials—the reactants—and changes them into different...
02:26Chemical Reactions
A balanced chemical equation provides the information of chemical formulas of the reactants and products involved in the chemical change. A reaction’s stoichiometry helps predict how much of the reactant is needed to produce the desired amount of product, or in some cases, how much product will be formed from a specific amount of the reactant.
The relative amounts of reactants and products represented in a balanced chemical equation are often referred to as stoichiometric amounts. However, in...
The relative amounts of reactants and products represented in a balanced chemical equation are often referred to as stoichiometric amounts. However, in...
01:31Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses
Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx as...