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Unicuspid aortic valve in adults: a systematic review
Farouk Mookadam1, Venkata R Thota, Ana Maria Garcia-Lopez
1Cardiovascular Disease & Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259-5499, USA. mookadam.farouk@mayo.edu
The Journal of Heart Valve Disease
|March 25, 2010
Summary
Unicuspid aortic valve (UAV) shares features with bicuspid aortic valve but progresses faster. This systematic review highlights UAV associations, symptoms, and treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Congenital Heart Disease
- Valvular Heart Disease
Background:
- The natural history and associated abnormalities of unicuspid aortic valve (UAV) are not well-documented.
- UAV is a rare congenital heart anomaly.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the literature on unicuspid aortic valve (UAV).
- To investigate associations between UAV and other cardiac or extracardiac abnormalities.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane).
- The search covered articles published from January 1966 to September 2008.
Main Results:
- 231 adult UAV cases were identified, with a mean age of 42 years.
- Common symptoms included dyspnea and angina; isolated aortic stenosis was the most frequent lesion.
- Preoperative diagnosis was rare; 60% of cases were identified post-mortem or at surgery. Aortic valve replacement was performed in 82% of cases.
Conclusions:
- UAV exhibits similarities to bicuspid aortic valve but with earlier onset and faster progression of complications.
- Further research is needed on familial incidence, histopathology, diagnostics, and optimal management strategies for UAV.
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