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High-Speed Microscale Optical Tracking Using Digital Frequency-Domain Multiplexing.

Robert A Maclachlan1, Cameron N Riviere

  • 1Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.

IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
|April 30, 2010
PubMed
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This study introduces a novel instrument for multidimensional position and orientation measurement using frequency-domain-multiplexed (FDM) position-sensitive detectors (PSDs). This system achieves high-resolution, large angular range measurements with a compact probe.

Area of Science:

  • Optical Measurement Systems
  • Sensor Technology
  • Instrumentation Engineering

Background:

  • Position-sensitive detectors (PSDs) are crucial for high-speed, high-resolution optical position measurement.
  • Existing methods often have limitations in angular range or probe size relative to the measurement volume.
  • The need for multidimensional measurement capabilities drives innovation in optical sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an instrument design for multidimensional position and orientation measurement.
  • To leverage frequency-domain-multiplexed (FDM) PSDs for simultaneous measurement of multiple modulated sources.
  • To highlight advantages over traditional laser/mirror systems, including larger angular range and smaller probe size.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing frequency-domain-multiplexed (FDM) position-sensitive detectors (PSDs).

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  • Implementing a lock-in amplifier measurement system for signal processing.
  • Applying digital signal processing (DSP) techniques for phase-sensitive detection and channel isolation.
  • Employing triangulation with two sensors for 3-D measurements.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated a system capable of measuring position and orientation in 5 degrees of freedom (DOF).
    • Achieved 4-microm peak-to-peak resolution for a 10 mm × 5 mm probe within a 30-mm cube.
    • Operated at a 1-kHz sampling rate, showcasing high-speed measurement capabilities.
    • Characterized resolution, speed, and accuracy of the developed instrument.

    Conclusions:

    • The FDM-PSD instrument offers significant advantages for multidimensional optical position and orientation sensing.
    • The design provides a large angular measurement range and allows for compact probe utilization.
    • The system demonstrates high resolution, speed, and accuracy, suitable for demanding applications.