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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect
09:35

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect

Published on: September 11, 2015

Stem cell-calcium phosphate constructs for bone engineering.

H H K Xu1, L Zhao, M D Weir

  • 1Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, 650 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. hxu@umaryland.edu

Journal of Dental Research
|October 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) show potent bone-forming capacity in novel scaffolds. These stem cells are a promising alternative to bone marrow stem cells for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.

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Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
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Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration

Published on: November 16, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect
09:35

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect

Published on: September 11, 2015

Ceramic Omnidirectional Bioprinting in Cell-Laden Suspensions for the Generation of Bone Analogs
10:19

Ceramic Omnidirectional Bioprinting in Cell-Laden Suspensions for the Generation of Bone Analogs

Published on: August 8, 2022

Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
10:28

Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration

Published on: November 16, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) are a standard cell source for tissue engineering.
  • Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) represent a novel, readily available cell source with less reported data on scaffold encapsulation.
  • Effective cell delivery and integration within bone scaffolds are critical for successful bone tissue engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To encapsulate both hBMSCs and hUCMSCs within calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds.
  • To evaluate the viability, osteogenic differentiation, and bone mineral synthesis of encapsulated stem cells.
  • To assess the potential of these stem cell-encapsulating CPC scaffolds for dental, craniofacial, and orthopedic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Encapsulation of hBMSCs and hUCMSCs within reinforced calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds incorporating chitosan.
  • Assessment of scaffold mechanical strength, comparing it to cancellous bone.
  • In vitro evaluation of cell viability and osteogenic differentiation.
  • Quantification of synthesized bone minerals by encapsulated stem cells.

Main Results:

  • The stem-cell-encapsulating CPC-chitosan-fiber constructs achieved mechanical strength comparable to cancellous bone.
  • Encapsulated hUCMSCs and hBMSCs demonstrated excellent viability and osteogenic differentiation within the scaffolds.
  • hUCMSCs exhibited significantly higher bone mineral synthesis (nearly threefold) compared to hBMSCs in vitro.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell-encapsulating CPC-chitosan-fiber constructs offer a robust and promising platform for bone tissue engineering.
  • hUCMSCs represent a potent alternative to hBMSCs, showing superior osteogenic potential in this scaffold system.
  • These findings suggest broad implications for regenerative medicine, particularly in dental and orthopedic tissue regeneration.