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Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: a concise review for cardiologists
Benjamin Y C Cheong1, Raja Muthupillai
1Department of Radiology, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. bcheong@sleh.com
Texas Heart Institute Journal
|October 28, 2010
Summary
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a serious condition linked to gadolinium-based contrast agents, primarily in patients with kidney disease. Increased awareness has led to a decrease in NSF incidence.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Radiology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a debilitating condition.
- NSF is associated with gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs).
- Patients with renal impairment are at highest risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review GBCAs approved in the United States.
- To discuss the pathogenesis of NSF.
- To outline clinical features and recommendations for GBCA use.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of NSF and GBCAs.
- Analysis of postulated pathogenic mechanisms.
- Synthesis of clinical presentation and risk management strategies.
Main Results:
- GBCA use is a significant risk factor for NSF in renal patients.
- Physician awareness of the GBCA-NSF link has reduced incidence.
- Understanding pathogenesis aids in risk mitigation.
Conclusions:
- NSF is a serious adverse event associated with GBCAs.
- Careful patient selection and awareness are crucial for prevention.
- Further research into pathogenesis may improve safety.
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