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Related Concept Videos

Masonry Cavity Walls01:26

Masonry Cavity Walls

Cavity walls feature a hollow space between the outer and inner wythes, connected only by corrosion-resistant metal ties. When water seeps through the outer wythe, it descends within this cavity, intercepted by flashing and eventually exiting through weep holes. To enhance moisture resistance, the inner wythe's cavity side often receives damp-proofing, doubling as an air barrier. The cavity can also house insulation to mitigate heat transfer.
Maintaining a clean cavity during construction is...
Masonry Curtain Walls01:20

Masonry Curtain Walls

Masonry curtain walls employ brick or stone veneers supported by the building's structure to form an external cladding system that is both aesthetically appealing and functional. These walls are erected through two principal techniques, first by traditional layering of masonry units and second by using prefabricated panels. Traditional construction relies on steel shelf angles attached to the spandrel beam for support, with high-bond mortars ensuring secure attachment of masonry veneer units.
Expansion and Contraction in Masonry Walls01:19

Expansion and Contraction in Masonry Walls

Masonry walls are subject to slight expansion and contraction due to variations in temperature and moisture. Thermal movement in masonry is relatively straightforward to measure and plan for. On the other hand, moisture movement poses more of a challenge. New clay masonry units typically absorb water and expand over time under normal environmental conditions. Conversely, new concrete masonry units tend to shrink as they lose the excess moisture acquired during their production process.
To...
Cavity Drainage and Flashings in Masonry walls01:20

Cavity Drainage and Flashings in Masonry walls

Typically, a cavity wall consists of two wythes separated by a gap of at least 2 inches, which may contain insulation while still maintaining a minimum clear space of 1 inch to facilitate adequate drainage. Advanced methods like the insertion of a continuous drainage mat can further reduce this space while ensuring effective moisture expulsion.
Weep holes, strategically placed at the base of the cavity, are critical for draining accumulated water. These openings are created by leaving head...
Composite Masonry Walls01:18

Composite Masonry Walls

Composite masonry walls combine multiple wythes of the same or different masonry materials to create a unified structure. These walls feature wythes that are bonded together either through mortar-filled collar joints, grouted spaces, or more commonly, with rigid metal ties and reinforcements, with the use of masonry header units being rare. Metal ties are preferred because they effectively minimize water penetration, as these walls primarily absorb moisture and then release it into the...
Posttensioned Masonry Walls01:15

Posttensioned Masonry Walls


Post-tensioned masonry walls use high-strength steel rods or flexible tendons to enhance the strength and efficiency of masonry structures. These elements are securely anchored to the foundation and extend vertically either within the cores of the masonry units or between the masonry wythes. The construction process involves building the wall with these tensioning elements in place and allowing the mortar to fully cure.
Following the curing process, the tensioning begins. Steel rods are...

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Spatiotemporally Controlled Nuclear Translocation of Guests in Living Cells Using Caged Molecular Glues as Photoactivatable Tags
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A light controlled cavitand wall regulates guest binding.

Orion B Berryman1, Aaron C Sather, Julius Rebek

  • 1The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|December 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel cavitand with a light-sensitive photochemical switch. This switch enables reversible binding and release of small molecules using UV light, offering new possibilities in molecular encapsulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Cavitands are host molecules capable of encapsulating guest molecules.
  • Controlling molecular encapsulation and release is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a cavitand with a switchable binding capability.
  • To demonstrate light-induced control over guest molecule binding and release.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of an azo-arene photochemical switch into the cavitand structure.
  • Investigation of photoisomerization upon UV light exposure.
  • Assessment of guest molecule binding and release dynamics.

Main Results:

  • The azo-arene switch undergoes reversible photoisomerization upon UV irradiation.
  • This photoisomerization leads to the formation and disruption of the cavitand structure.
  • The cavitand effectively binds small molecules, which can be released via the photochemical process.

Conclusions:

  • A photoresponsive cavitand has been successfully synthesized.
  • Photochemical control over molecular encapsulation and guest release is achievable.
  • This system offers a novel platform for light-modulated molecular recognition and delivery.