Control of important clostridial diseases of sheep

Clostridia cause many different diseases, all characterized by sudden death, most occurring worldwide. Diseases caused by clostridia can be divided into 4 groups: those affecting the alimentary system (the enterotoxemias), those affecting the parenchymatous organs, those causing myonecrosis and toxemia, and those causing neurologic disorders. Their mode of action is to produce one or more potent toxins when multiplying under favorable conditions. Considerable variation exists between different strains of the same organism. Specific trigger factors are required to induce toxin production. Excellent control is obtained by the use of toxoid vaccines. Protection is passed to the lamb via the colostrum.