Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Preparation of Epoxides

Preparation of Epoxides

Overview
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of peroxy acids to...

Ketones with Nonenolizable Aromatic Aldehydes: Claisen–Schmidt Condensation

Ketones with Nonenolizable Aromatic Aldehydes: Claisen–Schmidt Condensation

Benzaldehyde, like formaldehyde, lacks an α hydrogen and cannot enolize to form an enolate. Hence, the reaction of benzaldehyde with a ketone in the presence of an aqueous base forms a single crossed product. This reaction is referred to as Claisen–Schmidt condensation.
As the self-condensation of ketones is generally not favored in basic conditions, the self-condensed products do not form in the reaction between ketones and benzaldehyde. The general reaction of Claisen–Schmidt condensation is...

Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis

Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis

In ozonolysis, ozone is used to cleave a carbon–carbon double bond to form aldehydes and ketones, or carboxylic acids, depending on the work-up.
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.

Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides

Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides

Cyclic ethers are heterocyclic compounds with an oxygen atom in the ring along with carbon atoms. They are named depending on the number of carbon atoms present in their ring system. Cyclic ethers with a three-membered ring system are called “oxirane”, four-membered ring systems as “oxetane”, five-membered ring systems as “oxolane”, and six-membered ring systems as “oxane”. The cyclic structure of these rings imposes angle strain, and this strain is more in the ring having a smaller number of...

Reactions at the Benzylic Position: Oxidation and Reduction

Reactions at the Benzylic Position: Oxidation and Reduction

The benzylic position describes the position of a carbon atom attached directly to a benzene ring. Benzene by itself does not undergo oxidation. In contrast, the benzylic carbon is quite reactive in the presence of strong oxidizing agents such as KMnO4 or H2CrO4. Therefore, alkylbenzenes are readily oxidized to benzoic acid, irrespective of the type of alkyl groups.

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

N'-(3-Bromo-4-methoxy-benzyl-idene)nicotinohydrazide monohydrate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2011

Same author

(E)-N'-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl-ene)nicotinohydrazide monohydrate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2011

Same author

N'-(Propan-2-yl-idene)nicotinohydrazide.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2011

Same author

(E)-N'-(3,4-Dichloro-benzyl-idene)nicotino-hydrazide monohydrate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2011

Same author

N'-(3-Phenyl-allyl-idene)isonicotino-hydrazide.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2011

Same author

2,4-Dichloro-benzaldehyde 2,4-dinitro-phenyl-hydrazone.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2011

Same journal

Crystal structure of 1-(piperidin-1-yl)butane-1,3-dione.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015

Same journal

Crystal structure of methyl 1-methyl-3,5-diphenyl-7-tosyl-3,6,7,11b-tetra-hydro-pyrazolo-[4',3':5,6]pyrano[3,4-c]quinoline-5a(5H)-carboxyl-ate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015

Same journal

Crystal structure of 4-amino-1-(4-methyl-benz-yl)pyridinium bromide.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015

Same journal

Crystal structure of (Z)-3-benz-yloxy-6-[(2-hy-droxy-anilino)methyl-idene]cyclo-hexa-2,4-dien-1-one.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015

Same journal

Crystal structure of bis-(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole) perchloric acid monosolvate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015

Same journal

Crystal structure of 2-(di-phenyl-phos-phanyl)phenyl 4-(hy-droxy-meth-yl)benzoate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Published on: January 19, 2016

2,6-Dichloro-benzaldehyde oxime.

¹Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online

|May 18, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the crystal structure of a dichloro-nitroacetamide compound. Molecules self-assemble via hydrogen bonds, forming a specific R(2)(2)(6) motif.

More Related Videos

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

Published on: February 6, 2019

Electroactive Polymer Nanoparticles Exhibiting Photothermal Properties

Electroactive Polymer Nanoparticles Exhibiting Photothermal Properties

Published on: January 8, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Published on: January 19, 2016

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

Published on: February 6, 2019

Electroactive Polymer Nanoparticles Exhibiting Photothermal Properties

Electroactive Polymer Nanoparticles Exhibiting Photothermal Properties

Published on: January 8, 2016

Area of Science:

Crystallography
Chemical Physics

Background:

Understanding molecular interactions is crucial in chemistry.
Crystal structure analysis reveals intermolecular forces.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the crystal structure of the compound C(7)H(5)Cl(2)NO.
To identify and characterize hydrogen bonding networks within the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed.
Analysis of the asymmetric unit and molecular symmetry was performed.
Hydrogen bonding and graph-set analysis were conducted.

Main Results:

The asymmetric unit contains two identical molecules of C(7)H(5)Cl(2)NO.
Molecules form hydrogen bonds through inversion centers.
A characteristic R(2)(2)(6) graph-set motif was identified.

Conclusions:

The crystal packing is governed by O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds.
The identified motif provides insight into the self-assembly of this compound.
The study contributes to the understanding of intermolecular interactions in organic compounds.