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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Investigating Causal Brain-behavioral Relationships and their Time Course
11:33

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Investigating Causal Brain-behavioral Relationships and their Time Course

Published on: July 18, 2014

Task-related versus stimulus-specific practice.

Gilles Dutilh1, Angelos-Miltiadis Krypotos, Eric-Jan Wagenmakers

  • 1University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. gilles.dutilh@gmail.com

Experimental Psychology
|May 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Practice improves cognitive tasks by speeding up information processing and reducing response caution. This study reveals these practice effects are partly task-related and partly stimulus-specific, offering deeper insights than just measuring response times.

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Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Investigating Causal Brain-behavioral Relationships and their Time Course
11:33

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Published on: July 18, 2014

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum
11:47

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Published on: February 15, 2015

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Factors

Background:

  • Cognitive task practice typically leads to decreased response times (RT).
  • Traditional analysis of mean RT offers limited insight into practice effects.
  • Diffusion model analysis reveals practice involves changes in information processing rate, response caution, bias, and nondecision time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To disentangle practice effects into stimulus-specific and task-related components.
  • To provide a more detailed perspective on cognitive practice beyond mean RT.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a transfer experiment with alternating sets of repeated and new stimuli.
  • Applied diffusion model analysis to decompose practice effects.

Main Results:

  • Practice effects on information processing speed and peripheral processing time are both task-related and stimulus-specific.
  • Effects on response caution and response bias are primarily task-related.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive practice effects are multifaceted, with distinct task-related and stimulus-specific components.
  • Diffusion model decomposition offers a more granular understanding of practice than traditional RT analysis.