Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 21, 2026
10:27
Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
Published on: December 15, 2011
[When gluten-free diet does not cure celiac disease]
Katri Kaukinen1, Tuire Ilus, Martine Vornanen
1Tampereen Yliopisto, Lääketieteen Yksikkö, Gastroenterologian Vastuualue ja TAYS.
Duodecim; Laaketieteellinen Aikakauskirja
|June 7, 2012
Summary
For refractory celiac disease, distinguishing between type I and type II is crucial. Type II carries a higher risk of small intestinal lymphoma and has a poorer prognosis, impacting treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
- Oncology
Context:
- Celiac disease management often fails due to dietary non-adherence.
- Refractory celiac disease (RCD) presents persistent symptoms and mucosal damage despite a strict gluten-free diet.
- Differentiating RCD types is critical for prognosis and treatment.
Purpose:
- To highlight the importance of distinguishing between Type I and Type II refractory celiac disease.
- To outline diagnostic markers for RCD classification.
- To inform treatment approaches based on RCD type.
Summary:
- Refractory celiac disease (RCD) is characterized by persistent symptoms and intestinal damage despite a strict gluten-free diet.
- Classification into Type I and Type II RCD is essential, utilizing small bowel lymphocyte markers and inflammatory cell clonality.
- Type II RCD is associated with an increased risk of small intestinal lymphoma and a poorer prognosis compared to Type I.
Impact:
- Accurate diagnosis of RCD types guides therapeutic decisions.
- Early identification of Type II RCD can lead to timely interventions for potential lymphoma.
- Understanding RCD subtypes improves patient outcomes and management strategies.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
01:30Other Disorders of Digestive System
The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
01:29Autoimmune Disorders
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
01:21Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids
Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),...
01:29Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care
The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
Assessment:
01:25Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease
Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...