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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Forced Transdifferentiation01:28

Forced Transdifferentiation

Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
Artificial transdifferentiation occurs...
Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Simple Generation of a High Yield Culture of Induced Neurons from Human Adult Skin Fibroblasts
09:07

Simple Generation of a High Yield Culture of Induced Neurons from Human Adult Skin Fibroblasts

Published on: February 5, 2018

Aging and reprogramming: a two-way street.

Salah Mahmoudi1, Anne Brunet

  • 1Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|November 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may reverse aging deficits. This technology offers new strategies for rejuvenation and modeling aging or exceptional longevity.

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Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans
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Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans

Published on: January 1, 2018

Evaluation of Injury-induced Senescence and In Vivo Reprogramming in the Skeletal Muscle
09:14

Evaluation of Injury-induced Senescence and In Vivo Reprogramming in the Skeletal Muscle

Published on: October 26, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Simple Generation of a High Yield Culture of Induced Neurons from Human Adult Skin Fibroblasts
09:07

Simple Generation of a High Yield Culture of Induced Neurons from Human Adult Skin Fibroblasts

Published on: February 5, 2018

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans
07:53

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans

Published on: January 1, 2018

Evaluation of Injury-induced Senescence and In Vivo Reprogramming in the Skeletal Muscle
09:14

Evaluation of Injury-induced Senescence and In Vivo Reprogramming in the Skeletal Muscle

Published on: October 26, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Aging leads to cellular and tissue dysfunction, increasing disease risk.
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer potential therapeutic avenues for age-related conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review how aging impacts iPSC generation and characteristics.
  • To explore the potential of iPSC technology in aging research and rejuvenation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on aging and iPSC reprogramming.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the influence of aging pathways on iPSC properties.

Main Results:

  • Aging processes can affect the efficiency and quality of iPSC generation.
  • Reversion to pluripotency may erase age-related cellular deficits.

Conclusions:

  • iPSC technology presents a promising tool for modeling aging and exploring rejuvenation strategies.
  • Further research into iPSC reprogramming holds potential for treating age-related diseases and understanding longevity.