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Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR
Published on: March 1, 2019
Posttranscriptional gene regulation by long noncoding RNA.
Je-Hyun Yoon1, Kotb Abdelmohsen, Myriam Gorospe
1Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Journal of Molecular Biology
|November 27, 2012
Summary
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression after transcription. This review details how lncRNAs control mRNA stability, translation, splicing, and microRNA interactions, impacting cellular processes and human disease.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- RNA Biology
Background:
- Eukaryotic cells produce numerous noncoding RNAs, including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs).
- lncRNAs are recognized for regulating gene transcription.
- Emerging evidence highlights lncRNA roles in posttranscriptional gene regulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the identified mechanisms of posttranscriptional gene regulation by lncRNAs.
- To consolidate current understanding of how lncRNAs influence gene expression at the posttranscriptional level.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on lncRNA function.
- Analysis of diverse lncRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms.
- Synthesis of findings on lncRNA interactions with mRNA and regulatory factors.
Main Results:
- lncRNAs regulate mRNA translation and stability through extended or partial base-pairing.
- lncRNAs act as decoys for RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs, influencing splicing and translation.
- lncRNAs can compete with microRNAs, leading to increased target mRNA expression.
Conclusions:
- lncRNAs employ diverse posttranscriptional mechanisms to control gene expression.
- These regulatory roles of lncRNAs are crucial for cellular processes like differentiation and proliferation.
- Understanding lncRNA functions is vital for insights into human diseases.
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