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Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.

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Updated: May 11, 2026

Lensless Fluorescent Microscopy on a Chip

Lensless Fluorescent Microscopy on a Chip

Published on: August 17, 2011

Chip-scale fluorescence microscope based on a silo-filter complementary metal-oxide semiconductor image sensor.

Seung Ah Lee¹, Xiaoze Ou, J Eugene Lee

¹Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA. salee30@caltech.edu

|June 1, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new chip-scale fluorescence microscope using a silo-filter complementary metal-oxide semiconductor image sensor. This compact, low-cost device enables detailed imaging of living cells with high resolution.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Lensless Fluorescent Microscopy on a Chip

Lensless Fluorescent Microscopy on a Chip

Published on: August 17, 2011

Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy on Planar Supported Bilayers

Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy on Planar Supported Bilayers

Published on: October 31, 2015

A Label-free Technique for the Spatio-temporal Imaging of Single Cell Secretions

A Label-free Technique for the Spatio-temporal Imaging of Single Cell Secretions

Published on: November 23, 2015

Area of Science:

Biophotonics
Microscopy Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Conventional fluorescence microscopes are often bulky and expensive.
Integrating imaging components onto a single chip presents significant engineering challenges.
Efficient light management within pixels is crucial for high-resolution fluorescence imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a compact, low-cost chip-scale fluorescence microscope.
To demonstrate a novel silo-filter (SF) complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor design.
To enable high-resolution bright-field and fluorescence imaging of living cells.

Main Methods:

Designed and fabricated a CMOS image sensor with an extruded pixel architecture featuring metal walls.
Integrated a thick absorptive filter within the pixel structure to guide fluorescence emission.
Utilized the prototype device for longitudinal imaging of living cells in bright-field and fluorescence modes.

Main Results:

Achieved a resolution of 13 μm.
Covered a wide field of view measuring 4.8 mm × 4.4 mm.
Successfully demonstrated bright-field and fluorescence imaging of living cells.

Conclusions:

The silo-filter CMOS image sensor enables compact, low-cost chip-scale fluorescence microscopy.
The pixel design effectively guides fluorescence emission for improved imaging.
This technology holds promise for accessible cellular imaging applications.