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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives01:20

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Laxatives are primarily used to alleviate constipation, a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty passing stools. They work by various mechanisms to increase the volume or frequency of bowel movements. The primary modes of action of laxatives include increasing stool bulk, softening the stool, stimulating intestinal motility, and osmotically drawing water into the intestines.
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
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Acupoint Application Combined with Acupoint Massage for Treating Constipation in a Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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[Constipation in the elderly, which specificities? ].

M-C Jacques

    Revue Medicale Suisse
    |December 25, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Constipation is common in older adults but often overlooked. Diagnosis involves assessing age-specific risks, with conservative treatment initially, escalating if needed.

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    Area of Science:

    • Geriatric Medicine
    • Gastroenterology

    Context:

    • Constipation is highly prevalent in the elderly population.
    • Its clinical significance is frequently underestimated due to lower patient reporting compared to younger demographics.

    Purpose:

    • To outline the diagnostic and therapeutic approach for constipation in older adults.
    • To emphasize age-specific considerations in managing this condition.

    Summary:

    • The diagnostic strategy for geriatric constipation necessitates evaluating specific risk factors and comorbidities pertinent to advanced age.
    • Initial management focuses on conservative measures, including behavioral and pharmacological interventions, provided no red flags are present.
    • Treatment failure warrants further investigation or specialized interventions tailored to individual patient circumstances.

    Impact:

    • Improved recognition and management of constipation in the geriatric population.
    • Reduced underestimation of constipation's impact on older adults' quality of life.
    • Guidance for healthcare professionals on appropriate diagnostic and treatment pathways for elderly patients with constipation.