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Exploring the role of stimulus code-response modality compatibility on the spatial Stroop effect.

Min-Ju Liao¹, Shan-Hung Wang

¹a Department of Psychology , National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung , Chia-Yi 621 , Taiwan.

|February 6, 2015

Summary

The arrow stimulus code is recommended for interfaces, as it effectively conveys directional information without causing spatial interference across different response modalities like voice or keypress. This finding is crucial for designing user-friendly systems.

Keywords:

spatial Stroop effect stimulus code–response modality compatibility

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Area of Science:

Human-Computer Interaction
Cognitive Psychology
Usability Engineering

Background:

The spatial Stroop effect, a cognitive phenomenon, influences user performance when stimulus-response compatibility is not optimized.
Understanding stimulus-response compatibility is key to designing effective interfaces that minimize user error and reaction time.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how stimulus codes and response modalities interact to mediate the spatial Stroop effect.
To determine the optimal stimulus code and response modality pairings for conveying directional information.
To identify which stimulus codes minimize spatial interference in user interfaces.

Main Methods:

Manipulated three stimulus codes (word, arrow, moving dots) and three response modalities (voice, keypress, mouse movement).
Varied directional information and physical stimulus location to induce spatial interference.
Measured reaction times to assess the impact of stimulus-response compatibility on performance.

Main Results:

Spatial interference, indicated by delayed reaction times, occurred with incongruent stimulus location for all modalities with the word stimulus.
Moving dots stimulus speeded vocal and keypress responses when spatially incongruent, but not mouse movement.
The arrow stimulus showed no spatial interference across response modalities, regardless of location congruency.
Optimal pairings included word-voice, arrow-keypress, and arrow-movement.

Conclusions:

The arrow stimulus code is recommended for conveying directional information on interfaces due to its robustness against spatial interference.
Stimulus-response compatibility significantly mediates the spatial Stroop effect, impacting user performance.
Interface design should prioritize compatible stimulus-response pairings to enhance usability and efficiency.