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Cancer statistics for Hispanics/Latinos, 2015
Rebecca L Siegel1, Stacey A Fedewa2, Kimberly D Miller3
1Director, Surveillance Information, Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA.
CA: a Cancer Journal for Clinicians
|September 17, 2015
Summary
Hispanics/Latinos face significant cancer burdens, with lower overall incidence and death rates than non-Hispanic whites. Strategies focus on increasing preventive services and addressing lifestyle factors to reduce cancer risk.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Hispanics/Latinos are the largest US minority group and cancer is their leading cause of death.
- Cancer statistics for Hispanics are reported every three years, utilizing data from major health organizations.
- In 2015, an estimated 125,900 new cancer cases and 37,800 deaths were projected for this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze cancer statistics among the Hispanic/Latino population in the US.
- To compare cancer incidence and mortality rates between Hispanics/Latinos and non-Hispanic whites (NHWs).
- To identify factors contributing to cancer risk variations and outline strategies for risk reduction.
Main Methods:
- Utilized incidence data from the National Cancer Institute and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
- Analyzed cancer statistics for Hispanics based on data reported by the American Cancer Society.
- Compared cancer rates across different Hispanic subpopulations and with NHWs.
Main Results:
- Hispanics/Latinos have 20% lower cancer incidence and 30% lower death rates than NHWs overall.
- Adolescent Hispanics (15-19 years) experience slightly higher cancer death rates compared to NHWs.
- Liver cancer incidence in Hispanic men doubled from 1992-2012, though rates in younger men (<50) declined.
- Cancer risk variations are linked to infectious agents, screening adherence, and lifestyle patterns.
Conclusions:
- Cancer risk and outcomes vary significantly within the Hispanic/Latino population and compared to NHWs.
- Differences in exposure to carcinogens, screening, and lifestyle contribute to these disparities.
- Enhancing preventive services uptake (screening, vaccination) and targeted interventions are crucial for reducing cancer burden in Hispanic/Latino communities.
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