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Pancardiac tuberculosis - a case report
Shilpa K Lad1, Gayathri Amonkar1
1Department of Pathology, TNMC and BYL Nair Ch. Hospital, Mumbai, 400 008.
Summary
Tuberculosis of the heart is rare, but this case details extensive involvement of all cardiac layers in a 14-year-old female. This highlights the potential for widespread cardiac tuberculosis, even in young patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pathology
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health issue.
- Cardiac tuberculosis is an uncommon manifestation of TB.
- Previous reports indicate TB predominantly affects the pericardium and myocardium, with rare endocardial involvement.
Observation:
- A 14-year-old female presented with symptoms suggestive of cardiac compromise.
- Diagnostic investigations revealed extensive tuberculous involvement.
- The disease affected all layers of the heart: pericardium, myocardium, and endocardium.
Findings:
- The case demonstrates florid and widespread tuberculous infiltration of the entire heart.
- This represents a rare instance of endocardial tuberculosis alongside pericardial and myocardial disease.
- Histopathological examination confirmed active caseating granulomas consistent with tuberculosis.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering cardiac tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of unexplained cardiac conditions, especially in endemic areas.
- Extensive cardiac TB, including endocardial involvement, can present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
- Further research into the pathogenesis and management of widespread cardiac tuberculosis is warranted.
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