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Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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Nervous System01:21

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The nervous system coordinates body functions through its complex network of nerve cells, enabling sensation and movement. It is divided into two primary parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and the spinal cord. The brain acts as the body's control center, processing sensory information and coordinating responses. The spinal cord functions as a major signaling pathway for the brain and the rest of the body.
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The cranial nerves are an important part of the complex network of nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for transmitting essential information between the brain and various parts of the head and neck. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, systematically numbered using Roman numerals from I to XII, beginning from the anterior and moving to the posterior of the brain. Each cranial nerve is uniquely identified by names that reflect its function...
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The nervous system is one of the most complex systems in our body. It is organized into two main divisions: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
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Perspectives on Neuroscience
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[Neurology].

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    Cerebral stimulation and new drugs show promise for neurological disorders. These advancements offer new hope for conditions like epilepsy, stroke, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Neuroscience
    • Pharmacology

    Context:

    • Cerebral stimulation is gaining traction for pharmacoresistant epilepsy.
    • Endovascular treatment shows efficacy in acute ischemic stroke.
    • Deep brain stimulation benefits Parkinson's patients with dysphagia and gait freezing.

    Purpose:

    • To review recent advancements in neurological treatments.
    • To highlight the efficacy of various neuromodulation and pharmacological interventions.
    • To explore emerging therapies for diverse neurological conditions.

    Summary:

    • Transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulators are effective for cluster headaches.
    • Bimagrumab may increase muscle volume and strength in inclusion body myositis.
    • Teriflunomide is an oral immunomodulator preventing multiple sclerosis conversion.

    Impact:

    • These findings underscore the growing potential of neuromodulation and targeted therapies.
    • Advancements offer improved treatment options for debilitating neurological diseases.
    • Further research in these areas promises significant clinical benefits.