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Related Concept Videos

Instrument Calibration01:12

Instrument Calibration

1.1K
Instrument calibration is essential for ensuring that instruments produce accurate and consistent results. It is vital in manufacturing, healthcare, testing laboratories, and scientific research. Calibration processes are specific to each instrument and help enhance data accuracy. Each instrument has a unique calibration process tailored to its design and function to improve data accuracy.
Analytical Balance Calibration
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A survey team is tasked with determining the elevation difference between points Point A and Point B, separated by uneven terrain. They use a leveling instrument and a leveling rod.Common MistakesMisreading the Rod: During a backsight reading at Point A, the instrumentman observes the rod partially obscured by tall grass. Instead of reading 1.135 m, they mistakenly record 1.735 m due to the misalignment of the crosshair with the wrong graduation. This error adds 0.600 m to all subsequent...
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Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
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Best Practice Guidelines for Pre-Launch Characterization and Calibration of Instruments for Passive Optical Remote

R U Datla1, J P Rice1, K R Lykke1

  • 1National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-0001.

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
|March 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate remote sensing requires pre-launch calibration of instruments using SI-traceable standards. This ensures high-accuracy climate records from Earth observation satellites, enabling data continuity and inter-sensor comparisons.

Keywords:
SI traceabilitybest practice guidelinesradiometric calibrationsremote sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Earth and Space Science
  • Metrology
  • Optical Engineering

Background:

  • Pre-launch characterization and calibration are critical for remote sensing instrument performance.
  • Meeting mission requirements necessitates integrating calibration with instrument design and development.
  • SI-traceable standards are essential for calibrating onboard components like blackbodies and spectral radiometers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present recommended best practice guidelines for pre-launch calibration of remote sensing instruments.
  • To describe available radiometric standards and calibration facilities at NIST.
  • To provide examples of calibration procedures for building SI-traceable uncertainty budgets.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging two decades of experience from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) programs.
  • Characterizing and calibrating onboard calibrators and sensors using SI-traceable standards.
  • Performing inter-comparison and inter-calibration of different space-based sensors.

Main Results:

  • Established best practices for pre-launch calibration, ensuring sensor accuracy and reliability.
  • Detailed available NIST radiometric standards and calibration facilities for the remote sensing community.
  • Demonstrated methods for creating SI-traceable uncertainty budgets for satellite sensor calibration and validation.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated pre-launch calibration is vital for meeting remote sensing mission requirements.
  • SI-traceable calibration enables accurate, long-term climate data records and sensor inter-comparisons.
  • Adherence to best practices ensures the quality and consistency of satellite-derived environmental data.