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[Iodine excess induced thyroid dysfunction].

Michael Egloff, Jacques Philippe

    Revue Medicale Suisse
    |June 10, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Iodine overload from amiodarone and contrast media can disrupt thyroid function. Identifying high-risk individuals is crucial for managing potential thyroid disorders and ensuring patient safety.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Thyroidology
    • Pharmacology

    Context:

    • Amiodarone and radiologic contrast media are common medical agents causing iodine overload.
    • The thyroid gland has protective mechanisms (Wolff-Chaikoff effect) against excess iodine.
    • Iodine overload can lead to hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism due to impaired Wolff-Chaikoff effect regulation.

    Purpose:

    • To review the impact of iodine overload from amiodarone and radiologic contrast media on thyroid function.
    • To discuss the pathophysiology and management of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis.
    • To highlight the importance of identifying high-risk individuals for radiologic contrast media exposure.

    Summary:

    • Iodine overload from amiodarone and contrast media can cause thyroid dysfunction.
    • Amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis involves complex mechanisms requiring distinct treatments.
    • Thyroid function changes after contrast media are common but usually transient; high-risk patients need proactive management.

    Impact:

    • Informs clinical practice regarding the management of iodine-induced thyroid disorders.
    • Emphasizes the need for risk stratification and tailored interventions for patients receiving iodine-rich agents.
    • Contributes to understanding thyroid gland's response to exogenous iodine in medical settings.