Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrum01:19

IR Spectrum

3.1K
When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0%...
3.1K
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

6.5K
When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
6.5K
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

3.3K
There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
3.3K
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

1.5K
Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
1.5K
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

2.2K
IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
2.2K
IR Spectrum Peak Intensity: Amount of IR-Active Bonds00:55

IR Spectrum Peak Intensity: Amount of IR-Active Bonds

1.3K
When infrared radiation is passed through a molecule, absorption occurs if the molecule's vibration leads to a substantial change in its bond dipole moment. Transitions between vibrational energy levels, typically corresponding to infrared frequencies (4000–400 cm−1), allow absorption if the vibration significantly alters the dipole moment, making the molecule infrared active. The molecular bonds have different stretching and bending vibrations, resulting in various peaks with...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Best Practice Guidelines for Pre-Launch Characterization and Calibration of Instruments for Passive Optical Remote Sensing.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2016
Same author

Towards high-accuracy primary spectral radiometry from 400 K to 1300 K.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2016
Same author

Precise Measurement of Lunar Spectral Irradiance at Visible Wavelengths.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2015
Same author

Stray light correction algorithm for multichannel hyperspectral spectrographs.

Applied optics·2012
Same author

Surface mass spectrometry of biotinylated self-assembled monolayers.

Analytical chemistry·2011
Same author

Microscopic laser desorption/postionization fourier transform mass spectrometry.

Analytical chemistry·2011
Same journal

Precise Numerical Differentiation of Thermodynamic Functions with Multicomplex Variables.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
Same journal

Characterization of 3-Dimensional Printing and Casting Materials for use in Computed Tomography and X-ray Imaging Phantoms.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
Same journal

On The Quotient of a Centralized and a Non-centralized Complex Gaussian Random Variable.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
Same journal

Fast Methods for Finding Multiple Effective Influencers in Real Networks.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
Same journal

Disinfection of Respirators with Ultraviolet Radiation.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
Same journal

DNA Origami Design: A How-To Tutorial.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared
07:38

Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared

Published on: January 10, 2025

3.6K

Improved Near-Infrared Spectral Responsivity Scale.

P S Shaw1, T C Larason1, R Gupta1

  • 1National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-0001.

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
|August 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new cryogenic radiometer system at NIST improves near-infrared detector calibrations. It achieves 0.4% uncertainty, significantly advancing spectral power responsivity scales for indium gallium arsenide and germanium photodiodes.

Keywords:
IR detectorcryogenic radiometerdetector standardselectrical substitutionnear infraredradiometryresponsivity

More Related Videos

Determination of Photoreceptor Cell Spectral Sensitivity in an Insect Model from In Vivo Intracellular Recordings
08:33

Determination of Photoreceptor Cell Spectral Sensitivity in an Insect Model from In Vivo Intracellular Recordings

Published on: February 26, 2016

12.0K
Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems
09:57

Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems

Published on: February 10, 2020

7.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared
07:38

Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared

Published on: January 10, 2025

3.6K
Determination of Photoreceptor Cell Spectral Sensitivity in an Insect Model from In Vivo Intracellular Recordings
08:33

Determination of Photoreceptor Cell Spectral Sensitivity in an Insect Model from In Vivo Intracellular Recordings

Published on: February 26, 2016

12.0K
Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems
09:57

Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems

Published on: February 10, 2020

7.7K

Area of Science:

  • Metrology
  • Optical Engineering
  • Detector Physics

Background:

  • Accurate spectral power responsivity scales are crucial for optical detector calibration.
  • Existing methods in the near-infrared (NIR) range have limitations in uncertainty and scope.
  • Advancements in detector technology necessitate improved calibration standards.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a new cryogenic radiometer-based system for absolute radiometric measurements.
  • To improve the detector spectral power responsivity scales in the 900 nm to 1800 nm wavelength range.
  • To calibrate various photodetectors with enhanced accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a system featuring a liquid-helium-cooled cryogenic radiometer.
  • Integration of a 100 W quartz-tungsten-halogen lamp and a 1 m monochromator for wavelength selection.
  • Characterization of the system and evaluation of measurement uncertainty for spectral power responsivity.

Main Results:

  • The system enables spectral power responsivity measurements with a combined relative standard uncertainty of 0.4% or less over most of the spectral range.
  • Successful calibration of indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) photodiodes, germanium (Ge) photodiodes, and pyroelectric detectors.
  • Demonstrated a factor of two improvement in measurement uncertainty compared to previous capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • The new cryogenic radiometer system significantly enhances the NIR spectral power responsivity scale at NIST.
  • The achieved uncertainty levels represent a substantial advancement for radiometric measurements.
  • The system provides a reliable platform for calibrating diverse photodetector types in the NIR spectrum.