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Incremental Temperature Changes for Maximal Breeding and Spawning in Astyanax mexicanus
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Climate variability and migration in the Philippines.

Pratikshya Bohra-Mishra1, Michael Oppenheimer2, Ruohong Cai3

  • 1Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Program in Science, Technology and Environmental Policy, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.

Population and Environment
|March 7, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rising temperatures and typhoons drive migration from the Philippines, impacting agriculture and disproportionately affecting males, younger, and educated individuals. Precipitation showed no significant effect on migration patterns.

Keywords:
Agricultural productivityClimate changeEnvironmental migrantsMigrationTemperatureTyphoons

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Economics
  • Demography

Background:

  • Climate change presents significant challenges to agricultural productivity and human settlements.
  • Migration is a key adaptation strategy to environmental stressors.
  • Understanding climate-driven migration is crucial for policy development in vulnerable regions like the Philippines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of climatic variations and extremes on inter-provincial migration in the Philippines.
  • To analyze the relationship between climate factors, agricultural productivity (rice yields), and migration.
  • To identify demographic groups most sensitive to climate-induced migration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized panel data analysis to examine the effects of temperature, precipitation, and typhoon incidents on migration.
  • Employed rice yields as a proxy for agricultural productivity.
  • Disaggregated migration responses by gender, age, and education level.

Main Results:

  • Increased temperatures and typhoon activity were found to significantly increase outmigration.
  • Precipitation did not show a consistent or significant effect on migration.
  • Temperature and typhoons negatively impacted rice yields, leading to higher outmigration from agriculturally dependent and rural provinces.

Conclusions:

  • Climate change, specifically rising temperatures and increased typhoon activity, acts as a significant driver of migration in the Philippines.
  • The impact on migration is partly mediated through reduced agricultural productivity.
  • Males, younger individuals, and those with higher education levels exhibit greater sensitivity to climate-related migration pressures.