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Magnetic resonance imaging with hyperpolarized agents: methods and applications.
Erin B Adamson1, Kai D Ludwig1, David G Mummy2
1Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America.
Physics in Medicine and Biology
|April 7, 2017
Summary
Hyperpolarized (HP) MRI agents, including gases like helium-3 and xenon-129, and liquids like carbon-13, enhance functional and quantitative imaging. These advanced contrast agents are crucial for studying lung diseases, cancer, and cardiac conditions in both research and clinical settings.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Biophysics
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Background:
- Hyperpolarized (HP) contrast agents are vital for advancing functional and quantitative MRI.
- HP helium (3He) and xenon (129Xe) gases are progressing in clinical research for lung diseases.
- HP 13C and 15N agents show promise for preclinical metabolic imaging in cancer and cardiac disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the methodologies and applications of HP MRI agents.
- To highlight advancements in HP gas and liquid agents for medical research.
- To discuss the translational challenges and future directions in HP MRI.
Main Methods:
- Review of HP polarization techniques for gases (3He, 129Xe) and liquids (13C, 15N).
- Analysis of image acquisition and reconstruction strategies for HP MRI.
- Examination of physical properties enabling physiological and metabolic imaging.
Main Results:
- HP 129Xe MRI is advancing for asthma, COPD, and fibrotic lung diseases.
- HP [1-13C] pyruvate MRI is in clinical trials for cancer and cardiac applications.
- Shared technologies and translational challenges exist for both gas and liquid HP agents.
Conclusions:
- HP MRI agents offer unique capabilities for disease diagnosis and monitoring.
- Continued development is crucial for broader clinical adoption of HP MRI.
- HP MRI holds significant potential for personalized medicine and improved patient outcomes.