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Quantum Thermal Machine as a Thermometer.

Patrick P Hofer1, Jonatan Bohr Brask1, Martí Perarnau-Llobet2,3

  • 1Département de Physique Appliquée, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We introduce a quantum thermal machine for precise low-temperature thermometry. This method cools samples and measures temperature simultaneously, even without knowing coupling constants, achieving high accuracy near 15mK.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Thermodynamics
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Accurate low-temperature thermometry is crucial for fundamental research and quantum technologies.
  • Standard thermometry methods face challenges in systems with poor thermalization.
  • Quantum thermal machines offer novel approaches to thermodynamic control and measurement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and analyze a quantum thermal machine for low-temperature thermometry.
  • To demonstrate simultaneous cooling and temperature measurement without prior knowledge of coupling constants.
  • To assess the performance limits using quantum Fisher information.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a quantum thermal machine operating on the Otto cycle.
  • Coupling a hot reservoir to the machine for simultaneous cooling and thermometry.
  • Analyzing a circuit Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) implementation.
  • Employing quantum Fisher information to determine the ultimate precision.

Main Results:

  • The proposed scheme enables thermometry down to approximately 15mK with realistic circuit QED parameters.
  • The method achieves high precision, approaching the quantum limit.
  • It functions effectively in systems where complete thermalization is not guaranteed.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum thermal machines provide a robust platform for high-precision low-temperature thermometry.
  • The proposed scheme overcomes limitations of traditional methods, especially in non-ideal thermal environments.
  • This technology holds promise for advancing quantum technologies and fundamental physics experiments.