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Related Concept Videos

Centrioles and Centrosomes01:13

Centrioles and Centrosomes

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Most animal cells comprise a pair of centrioles together called a centrosome. The cell duplicates its centrosome and contains two centrosomes side-by-side, which begin to move apart during the prophase. As the centrosomes migrate to two different sides of the cell, microtubules start extending from each centrosome toward the other end. The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes and their emerging microtubules.
Near the end of the prophase, also called late prophase or...
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Centrosome Duplication02:25

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The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...
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Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures01:32

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures

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Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
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Microtubules in Signaling01:22

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The primary cilium, made up of microtubules, acts as antennae on the cell surfaces for relaying external stimuli into the cells. These fine hair-like structures are present, generally one per cell. These are non-motile cilia in a 9+0 microtubules arrangement, where the central pair of microtubules are absent. The primary cilia arise from the basal body embedded in the cell membrane. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) carries requisite proteins from the cytoplasm to the cilium because the primary...
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Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

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Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
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Spindle Assembly02:50

Spindle Assembly

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Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes
09:39

Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes

Published on: December 20, 2014

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Maintaining centrosomes and cilia.

Sascha Werner1, Ana Pimenta-Marques2, Mónica Bettencourt-Dias1

  • 1Cell Cycle Regulation Lab, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal swerner@igc.gulbenkian.pt mdias@igc.gulbenkian.pt.

Journal of Cell Science
|November 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Centrosomes and cilia are vital microtubule-based structures involved in cell processes. This review proposes specific maintenance programs for these essential cell components, crucial for preventing disease.

Keywords:
CentrosomesCiliaCiliopathiesMaintenance

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Eukaryotic Cell Structures

Background:

  • Centrosomes and cilia are ubiquitous eukaryotic structures essential for cell function, including cytoskeleton organization, environmental sensing, and motility.
  • While their biogenesis is well-studied, the mechanisms maintaining centrosomes and cilia over time remain largely unknown.
  • Dysregulation of these structures is linked to severe human diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and propose the existence of specific maintenance programs for centrosomes and cilia.
  • To highlight the dynamic nature of some centrosome and cilia components.
  • To underscore the importance of understanding maintenance for preventing associated diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on centrosome and cilium structure, dynamics, and regulation.
  • Synthesis of data regarding component stability and turnover.
  • Conceptual framework development for maintenance programs.

Main Results:

  • Centrosomes and cilia, though often considered stable, exhibit dynamic components and can be lost in specific contexts.
  • Evidence suggests regulated processes govern the persistence and turnover of these structures.
  • These maintenance programs are active during development and homeostasis.

Conclusions:

  • Specific maintenance programs for centrosomes and cilia likely exist and are tightly regulated.
  • Understanding these programs is critical for comprehending their role in development, homeostasis, and disease.
  • Further research into centrosome and cilia maintenance is warranted to explore therapeutic strategies.