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Evaluation and Management of Dehydration in Children
Genevieve Santillanes1, Emily Rose1
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street, GH Room 1011, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Abstract:
The article discusses the evaluation of dehydration in children and reviews the literature on physical findings of dehydration. Pediatric dehydration is a common problem in emergency departments and wide practice variation in treatment exists. Dehydration can be treated with oral, nasogastric, subcutaneous, or intravenous fluids. Although oral rehydration is underutilized in the United States, most children with dehydration can be successfully rehydrated via the oral route. Selection of oral rehydration solution and techniques for successful oral rehydration are presented. Appropriate selection and rate of administration of intravenous fluids are also discussed for isonatremic, hyponatremic, and hypernatremic dehydration.
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