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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Treatment of Osteochondral Defects in the Rabbit's Knee Joint by Implantation of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Fibrin Clots
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Treatment of Osteochondral Defects in the Rabbit's Knee Joint by Implantation of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Fibrin Clots

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Stem Cells for Osteochondral Regeneration.

Raphaël F Canadas1,2, Rogério P Pirraco1,2, J Miguel Oliveira1,2,3

  • 13B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables, and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|May 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise for regenerating bone and cartilage defects. This review explores stem cell-based tissue engineering and cell therapy approaches for osteochondral regeneration, discussing future challenges.

Keywords:
BoneCartilageOsteochondral constructsSkeletogenesisStem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cellular Therapeutics

Background:

  • Osteochondral (OC) defects, involving cartilage and subchondral bone, are clinically challenging.
  • Stem cells, particularly mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are crucial for regenerative medicine due to their availability, proliferation, multipotency, and immunosuppressive properties.
  • Current research focuses on stem cell-based strategies for OC regeneration, despite ethical and safety considerations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review stem cell-based approaches for engineering bone and cartilage.
  • To focus on cell therapy and tissue engineering applications for osteochondral defects.
  • To discuss 3D osteochondral composites and future directions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on stem cell-based regenerative medicine.
  • Focus on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for osteochondral regeneration.
  • Discussion of cell therapy, tissue engineering, and 3D composite strategies.

Main Results:

  • Stem cells, especially MSCs, are a promising tool for regenerative medicine and osteochondral defect repair.
  • Various stem cell-based approaches for bone and cartilage engineering are under investigation.
  • 3D osteochondral composites utilizing co-cultures show potential.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell-based therapies and tissue engineering are vital for advancing regenerative medicine, particularly for osteochondral defects.
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a primary focus for osteochondral regeneration.
  • Further research is needed to address challenges and optimize stem cell applications in bone and cartilage repair.