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Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency is Associated with Cardiovascular Disease in U.S. Military Centers

John E Thomas, Seungho Kang, Charles J Wyatt

    Texas Heart Institute Journal
    |August 4, 2018
    PubMed

    Insights

    Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, the most common enzymopathy, is linked to a 39.6% increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Early intervention for G6PD deficiency may reduce cardiovascular disease incidence in military and civilian populations.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Hematology
    • Cardiovascular Medicine

    Background:

    • Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is crucial for erythrocyte protection against oxidative stress.
    • G6PD deficiency, the most prevalent human enzymopathy, necessitates careful management, especially concerning antimalarial drugs.
    • G6PD plays a significant role in vascular function, influencing nitric oxide production and vascular oxidant stress, which are precursors to atherosclerosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between deficient G6PD levels and cardiovascular disease prevalence.
    • To determine if this association is independent of established cardiovascular risk factors.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective, cross-sectional study utilizing military medical records from August 2004 to December 2007.
    • Analysis included 737 individuals with deficient G6PD levels and 16,601 with normal levels.
    • Binary logistic regression was employed to assess the relationship between G6PD status and composite cardiovascular disease, controlling for modifiable risk factors.

    Main Results:

    • G6PD-deficient individuals exhibited a 39.6% greater odds of developing cardiovascular disease compared to those with normal levels (adjusted odds ratio: 1.396; 95% CI, 1.044-1.867; P < 0.05).

    Conclusions:

    • Deficient G6PD levels are significantly associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease, independent of traditional risk factors.
    • This finding highlights a potential link between G6PD status and cardiovascular health.
    • Early intervention strategies targeting individuals with G6PD deficiency could mitigate cardiovascular disease incidence in both military personnel and the general population.

    Keywords:
    Cardiovascular diseases/ethnology/enzymology/physiopathologyUnited States/epidemiologydelivery of health caregenetic predisposition to diseaseglucose phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency/analysis/complications/diagnosis/epidemiologymass screeningmilitary medicineretrospective studiesrisk assessmentrisk factors

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