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Mismatch Repair01:36

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Mismatch Repair01:20

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Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
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Overview of DNA Repair02:25

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In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
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Base Excision Repair01:54

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One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
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DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Application of a New Mesh Fixation Method in Laparoscopic Incisional Hernia Repair
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DESARDA TECHNIQUE FOR INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR.

M Gurgenidze1, G Datuashvili1

  • 1Tbilisi State Medical University, The First University Clinic, Department of General Surgery; Department of Surgery № I, Georgia.

Georgian Medical News
|September 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The Desarda method offers a mesh-free inguinal hernia repair, showing no severe complications or recurrence in 118 male patients. This technique presents a safe and effective alternative for hernia surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Surgical Innovation
  • Hernia Repair Techniques
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

  • Over 20 million inguinal hernia repairs are performed globally each year.
  • Current challenges include finding simple, mesh-free operations with minimal complications.
  • Inguinal hernias affect a significant patient population, necessitating effective surgical solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Desarda method for inguinal hernia repair.
  • To assess outcomes including complications, pain, and recurrence rates.
  • To determine if the Desarda method is a viable alternative to traditional mesh-based repairs.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of 118 male patients undergoing Desarda hernioplasty between 2008 and 2017.

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  • Inclusion of both elective (84) and acute (34) cases, with various hernia types (direct, indirect, scrotal, sliding, recurrent).
  • Data collection on operative time, intraoperative and postoperative complications, pain scores (VAS), hospital stay, and long-term outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • No intraoperative complications were reported in 118 patients.
    • Low postoperative pain (VAS 31.27±0.86 on day 1), with discomfort resolving within 15 days.
    • Zero severe complications, chronic pain, foreign body sensation, or recurrence observed.
    • Mean operative time was 42.43±2.8 minutes, with a mean hospital stay of 1.87±0.78 days.

    Conclusions:

    • The Desarda method is a safe and effective mesh-free approach for inguinal hernia repair.
    • It demonstrates a low complication rate, minimal postoperative pain, and no recurrence in this patient cohort.
    • The Desarda repair shows potential as a gold standard alternative to current hernia surgery methods.