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Collective Effects in Casimir-Polder Forces.

Kanupriya Sinha1, B Prasanna Venkatesh2, Pierre Meystre3

  • 1US Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA; Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA; and Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden 01187, Germany.

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|November 17, 2018
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This summary is machine-generated.

We found that the collective quantum state of neutral emitters can modify Casimir-Polder forces. Superradiant states enhance these forces, while subradiant states suppress them, offering new ways to control vacuum forces.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Optics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Fluctuation-induced forces, like the Casimir-Polder force, arise from quantum vacuum fluctuations.
  • These forces are crucial in understanding atom-surface interactions and nanoscale phenomena.
  • Collective quantum phenomena in emitters can significantly alter their interaction with surfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cooperative effects in fluctuation-induced forces between neutral quantum emitters and a surface.
  • To explore how the collective quantum state of emitters influences the Casimir-Polder force.
  • To demonstrate the potential of tailoring vacuum forces through emitter correlations.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of neutral two-level quantum emitters in a coherent collective state.
  • Analysis of fluctuation-induced forces, specifically the Casimir-Polder force.
  • Investigating the role of emitter correlations and collective states (superradiant, subradiant).

Main Results:

  • The total Casimir-Polder force can be modified by the mutual correlations of the emitters.
  • A 1D chain of emitters in a superradiant state experiences an enhanced collective vacuum-induced force.
  • Emitters in a subradiant state experience a suppressed collective vacuum-induced force.

Conclusions:

  • Collective phenomena offer a new mechanism for manipulating vacuum forces.
  • The surface response at the emitters' resonance frequency critically influences these cooperative forces.
  • This work highlights the potential for selective tailoring of vacuum forces using collective quantum effects.