Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: Multiplex Immunohistochemistry for Understanding Immune Regulation by Uterine NK Cells in Pregnancy
Published on: October 25, 2024
Sex-Specific Differences in Risk Factors for Development of Heart Failure in Women
Gina Lundberg1, Mary Norine Walsh2, Laxmi S Mehta3
1Emory Women's Heart Center, 137 Johnson Ferry Road, Suite 1200, Marietta, GA, 30068, USA.
Abstract:
Sex specific differences exist in the impact of risk factors for the development of heart failure (HF). Addressing these differences can have an impact on prevention of HF. This article reviews sex-specific risk factors associated with development of HF. These risk factors include current smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and myocardial infarction. Other risks for HF are toxins, inflammation, and other chronic conditions, such as sleep breathing disorders, anemia, obesity, and renal insufficiency. Some of these risks factors present risk reduction opportunities that may improve outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
Heart Failure I: Introduction
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

