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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Electroporation of Mycobacteria
Published on: May 23, 2008
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria: Epidemiology and the Impact on Pulmonary and Cardiac Disease
Wendi K Drummond1, Shannon H Kasperbauer1
1Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
Abstract:
This article reviews the current epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease and the impact on thoracic disease. The prevalence of nontuberculous pulmonary disease in the United States is much higher than that of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Estimates support an annual increase in incidence of 8% per year. Nontuberculous mycobacteria are distinguished by 2 group designations, slowly growing mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium avium complex, and rapidly growing mycobacteria, which includes Mycobacterium abscessus. Most pulmonary infections in humans are caused by species belonging to M avium complex. This article also reviews risk factors for disease acquisition, including host and environmental risk factors.
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