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Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves01:24

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The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a crucial component of the body's neural network, extending beyond the central nervous system (CNS) to bridge the gap between the CNS and the external environment. It encompasses nerves, ganglia, and sensory receptors.
Nerves
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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison01:09

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Skeletal muscle relaxants can target the central nervous system [CNS] to reduce muscle tension or act directly at the neuromuscular junction to induce temporary paralysis. These two classes of muscle relaxants are called centrally acting muscle relaxants and peripherally acting muscle relaxants. They differ in their action, mechanism, administration route, and clinical uses.
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Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

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Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
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Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

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During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
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Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition

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Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
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Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
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Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, not Otherwise Specified (PTCL-NOS).

Adetokunbo Oluwasanjo1, Saritha Kartan1, William Johnson1

  • 1Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 834 Chestnut Street, Suite 320, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.

Cancer Treatment and Research
|January 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) is a common T-cell cancer. Current treatments offer limited survival benefits, highlighting the urgent need for more effective therapies for this challenging diagnosis.

Keywords:
Gene expression profilingHematopoietic stem cell transplantationNovel therapiesPeripheral T-cell lymphomaSomatic mutations

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) is the most common subtype of mature post-thymic T-cell neoplasms.
  • It is a diagnosis of exclusion with diverse biology, clinical presentation, and outcomes.
  • Patients often present with advanced stage disease and have a poor prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest diagnostic criteria for PTCL-NOS.
  • To discuss current and emerging treatment strategies for PTCL-NOS.
  • To highlight the unmet need for improved therapeutic options.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on PTCL-NOS diagnosis and treatment.
  • Analysis of treatment outcomes including overall response rates (ORR), complete response rates (CRR), and progression-free survival (PFS).
  • Discussion of diagnostic markers including histopathology, immunophenotype (CD5/CD7 loss), and T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangement.

Main Results:

  • PTCL-NOS diagnosis relies on histopathology, aberrant T-cell immunophenotype, and TCR gene rearrangement, as specific mutations are lacking.
  • Frontline anthracycline-based chemotherapy yields ORR of 50-60% and CRR of 20-30%, with a 5-year OS of 20-30%.
  • Autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) may improve outcomes in select patients, while newer agents show response rates up to 33% in relapsed/refractory settings.

Conclusions:

  • PTCL-NOS remains a challenging diagnosis with poor outcomes despite current therapies.
  • There is a critical need for novel and more effective treatment strategies.
  • Further research and clinical trials are essential to improve patient survival and quality of life.