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A Microfluidic-based Electrochemical Biochip for Label-free DNA Hybridization Analysis
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A Fully Integrated CMOS Fluorescence Biochip for DNA and RNA Testing.

Arun Manickam1, Rituraj Singh1, Mark McDermott1

  • 1InSilixa, Inc., 1000 Hamlin Ct., Sunnyvale, CA 94089, United States.

IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
|March 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel CMOS fluorescence biochip for DNA/RNA testing enables rapid molecular diagnostics. This integrated device achieved high sensitivity and performance, successfully detecting multiple respiratory viruses.

Keywords:
BiochipBiosensorFluorescence SpectroscopyImage SensorsInfectious DiseaseMicroarrayMolecular DiagnosticsNucleic AcidOptical FilterPolymerase Chain Reaction

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Microfluidics
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Molecular diagnostics (MDx) requires sensitive and integrated platforms for DNA/RNA analysis.
  • Existing biochip technologies face challenges in sensitivity, integration, and thermal cycling capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and implement a fully-integrated CMOS fluorescence biochip for advanced DNA/RNA testing.
  • To demonstrate the biochip's utility in molecular diagnostics applications, including viral detection.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a 32×32 array of biosensing elements on a CMOS chip.
  • Integration of unique DNA probe sequences, filters, resistive heaters, and photodetectors in each element.
  • Utilizing a photodiode as the optical transducer and a ΣΔ modulator for photocurrent sensing.
  • Employing thermal cycling for multiplexed viral detection.

Main Results:

  • The biochip features biosensing elements (100µm×100µm) with integrated photodiodes (50µm×50µm).
  • Photodetector performance demonstrated a ~116 dB dynamic range (10fA - 10nA) across 25°C - 100°C, near the shot-noise limit.
  • Successful 7-plex panel adoption for detecting 6 human upper respiratory viruses.

Conclusions:

  • The integrated CMOS fluorescence biochip offers a high-performance solution for molecular diagnostics.
  • The demonstrated thermal cycling and multiplexing capabilities support complex MDx assays.
  • This technology has significant potential for advancing rapid and accurate disease detection.