Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026
06:06
Protein Kinase C-delta Inhibitor Peptide Formulation using Gold Nanoparticles
Published on: March 9, 2019
5.8K
Aggregation Behavior of Nanoparticle-Peptide Systems Affects Autophagy
Santiago Martinez Legaspi1, Laura Segatori1,2,3,4
1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street, MS-362 , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States.
Bioconjugate Chemistry
|July 4, 2019
Summary
Nanoparticle aggregation within cells disrupts autophagy, the cell
Area of Science:
- Nanomedicine
- Cell Biology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Nanoparticle properties change in biological environments, affecting cellular interactions.
- Autophagy is a key pathway for degrading internalized nanomaterials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how nanoparticle aggregation impacts cellular autophagy.
- To understand the role of nanoparticle-peptide interactions in modulating aggregation and autophagy.
Main Methods:
- Used carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles (100 nm) and a multidomain peptide to control aggregation.
- Generated nanoparticle-peptide mixtures with varying aggregation behaviors.
- Monitored autophagy markers from transcriptional regulation to substrate clearance.
Main Results:
- Nanoparticle-peptide mixtures activated transcription factor EB, a regulator of autophagy.
- Intracellular aggregation of nanoparticles blocked autophagic flux.
- Controlled aggregation influenced autophagy pathway activation and substrate clearance.
Conclusions:
- Nanoparticle aggregation significantly affects cellular autophagy.
- Intracellular aggregation can lead to autophagic flux blockage.
- Controlling nanoparticle colloidal stability is crucial for biomedical applications.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Autophagy
5.7K
Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
5.7K
02:43Peptide Bonds
82.5K
A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
82.5K
00:54What is Behavior?
10.2K
Behaviors are actions that an organism engages in—they can be related to finding food, reproducing, defending against threats, and many other possible actions. Behaviors include activities related to the environment around the animal—such as migration—as well as social interactions within a species or population. Many behaviors involve motor output—that is, muscle movements—while others involve less visible actions, such as learning.
10.2K
01:29Aggregates Classification
980
Aggregate classification is generally based on its size, petrographic characteristics, weight, and source. Size classification ranges from coarse to fine aggregates, defined by the size of the particles. Coarse aggregates are particles that do not pass through ASTM sieve No. 4, and aggregates that pass through the sieve are fine aggregates.
Petrographic classification groups aggregates based on common mineralogical characteristics. Some of the common mineral groups found in aggregates are...
Petrographic classification groups aggregates based on common mineralogical characteristics. Some of the common mineral groups found in aggregates are...
980
01:18Second Order systems II
392
In an underdamped second-order system, where the damping ratio ζ is between 0 and 1, a unit-step input results in a transfer function that, when transformed using the inverse Laplace method, reveals the output response. The output exhibits a damped sinusoidal oscillation, and the difference between the input and output is termed the error signal. This error signal also demonstrates damped oscillatory behavior. Eventually, as the system reaches a steady state, the error diminishes to zero.
392
01:21First Order Systems
409
First-order systems, such as RC circuits, are foundational in understanding dynamic systems due to their straightforward input-output relationship. Analyzing their responses to different input functions under zero initial conditions reveals significant insights into system behavior.
When a first-order system is subjected to a unit-step input, its response is characterized by its transfer function. By applying the Laplace transform of the unit-step input to the transfer function, expanding the...
When a first-order system is subjected to a unit-step input, its response is characterized by its transfer function. By applying the Laplace transform of the unit-step input to the transfer function, expanding the...
409