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Area of Science:

  • Oral biology
  • Gingival epithelium
  • Aging research

Background:

  • Epithelial cells and functions are vital for oral cavity health.
  • Aging may alter epithelial responses to environmental challenges.
  • Understanding age-related changes in healthy gingiva is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To profile the transcriptome of gingival tissues in healthy rhesus monkeys across different age groups.
  • To investigate age-related changes in epithelial cell gene expression and function.
  • To test the hypothesis that older animals exhibit more aggressive epithelial responses.

Main Methods:

  • Transcriptome profiling using microarray analysis on gingival tissue from rhesus monkeys (n=34) across four age groups.
  • Examination of 336 genes related to epithelium and epithelial cell functions.
  • Analysis of gene expression differences across young, adolescent, adult, and aged groups.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in extracellular matrix and cell structure, cell adhesion molecules, and cell surface receptor genes were observed, with elevations in aged tissues.
  • Keratin expression varied significantly with age, with increases in aged tissues and decreases in young animals.
  • While some integrin expression increased in aged tissues, desmosomal/hemidesmosomal genes showed little impact of aging.

Conclusions:

  • Healthy gingival aging has a limited impact on overall epithelial cell function.
  • Specific genes related to extracellular matrix and cell adhesion molecules, such as integrins, are affected by aging.
  • The oral epithelial barrier in this model system remains molecularly intact despite aging, though immune targets show age-related impacts.