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[INDICATORS OF CARDIOHEMODYNAMICS OF RHYTHM DISTURBANCES IN ELDERLY PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE]
S Baidurin1, D Blyalova1, F Bekenova1
1Medical University Astana, Kazakhstan.
Insights
Elderly Chernobyl liquidators with heart failure show higher rates of cardiac arrhythmias and left ventricular hypertrophy, particularly those involved in the first year after the accident. These findings highlight long-term health impacts on cardiovascular function.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Environmental Health
- Nuclear Medicine
Background:
- The Chernobyl accident had long-term health consequences, particularly affecting individuals involved in disaster mitigation.
- Elderly populations may be more susceptible to the long-term cardiovascular effects of radiation exposure and environmental stressors.
- Understanding the specific cardiac impacts on Chernobyl liquidators is crucial for targeted healthcare and long-term monitoring.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze electrophysiological indicators of heart rhythm disturbances in elderly Chernobyl liquidators with heart failure.
- To assess the correlation between the timing of Chernobyl accident involvement and the prevalence of cardiovascular abnormalities.
- To identify specific cardiac conditions, such as left ventricular hypertrophy and arrhythmias, in this cohort.
Main Methods:
- Electrophysiological studies including Electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitoring (XM ECG), and Signal-Averaged ECG (SMAD).
- Echocardiography (EchoCG) to evaluate cardiogemodynamics and left ventricular function.
- Statistical analysis using MS Excel and Statistica software for data interpretation.
Main Results:
- A high incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac arrhythmias was observed in elderly heart failure patients who participated in Chernobyl disaster mitigation.
- Patients involved in the initial phase (April-December 1986) exhibited significantly higher rates of atrial fibrillation, sinus tachycardia/bradycardia, and AV block.
- Diastolic dysfunction and elevated left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were predominantly found in patients from the earliest involvement groups (1-2).
Conclusions:
- Electrophysiological research reveals statistically significant differences in cardiac indicators among elderly heart failure patients with varying Chernobyl involvement timelines.
- The study confirms a high incidence of rhythm disturbances and left ventricular abnormalities in Chernobyl liquidators, especially those exposed in the first year post-accident.
- Long-term cardiovascular monitoring is essential for individuals who participated in the Chernobyl disaster mitigation efforts.
Abstract:
The aim of our study was to study and analyze the electrophysiological indicators of rhythm disturbances in heart failure in elderly people who participated in the elimination of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident in the distant period. In order to assess the functional features, 50 elderly patients (65-74 years old) who participated in the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident were examined. Patients were divided into 4 groups depending on the length of stay in an environmentally disadvantaged zone: group 1 (April-June 1986) - 8 (16%) people; 2 (June-December 1986) -14 (28%); 3 (1987-1989) -17 (34%) and group 4 (1990-91gg) -11 (22%) people. All patients were on basic therapy. To study cardiogemodynamics in this category of patients, the following electrophysiological research methods were performed: ECG, XM ECG, SMAD, EchoCG. When analyzing electrophysiological studies, the MSExcel and Statistica programs were used. The examined patients showed a high incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac arrhythmias. So in the 1st and 2nd groups, atrial fibrillation, sinus tachy and bradycardia, AV blockade of 1-2 degrees were reliably detected. In groups 3 and 4, left ventricular hypertrophy and arrhythmias were detected with a lower frequency. It should be noted that these changes were observed in individuals participating in the LPA from April to December 1986, i.e. in the first year after the accident. According to echocardiography, diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle was found mainly in individuals of 1-2 groups. High high indices of KDR, BWW and KSO in 1-2 groups are noted. LVMI exceeds its norm in all studied groups. Thus, statistically significant differences of some indicators are revealed with electrophysiological research methods in all groups of elderly patients with heart failure participating in the liquidation of the Chernobyl accident, as well as the high incidence of rhythm disturbances in patients with Chernobyl nuclear power plants.
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