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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Combining Human Organoids and Organ-on-a-Chip Technology to Model Intestinal Region-Specific Functionality
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Combining Human Organoids and Organ-on-a-Chip Technology to Model Intestinal Region-Specific Functionality

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Organs-on-a-Chip.

Lucie A Low1, Margaret Sutherland2, Nadya Lumelsky3

  • 1National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. lucie.low@nih.gov.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|April 15, 2020
PubMed
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Organs-on-chips, or microphysiological systems (MPS), offer advanced in vitro models for drug development. These 3D systems enhance safety testing, efficacy confirmation, and disease modeling for precision medicine.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Physiology
  • Drug Development

Background:

  • Organs-on-chips, also known as tissue chips or microphysiological systems (MPS), are bioengineered microsystems that mimic human organ physiology and function.
  • These in vitro tools offer advanced applications in drug discovery and development by recapitulating human and animal tissues in 3D, multicellular environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the development and evolution of 3D organ models over the past decade.
  • To highlight opportunities offered by MPS technology compared to traditional 2D cell cultures and 3D organoid systems.
  • To outline future research avenues, expanding applications through biotechnology, and discuss current/future potential and challenges in the MPS field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the development and evolution of 3D organ models.
Keywords:
BioengineeringDisease modelingDrug developmentMicrofluidicsMicrophysiological systems

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Last Updated: Dec 24, 2025

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  • Analysis of microphysiological systems (MPS) technology and its applications.
  • Discussion of advancements in biotechnology impacting MPS applications.

    • Main Results:

    • MPS enable in vitro assessment of therapeutic safety and toxicity during preclinical development.
    • MPS facilitate confirmation of drug/therapeutic efficacy.
    • MPS advance precision medicine through disease modeling of human tissues, recapitulating pathophysiology in specific subpopulations and individuals.

    Conclusions:

    • Organs-on-chips represent a significant advancement over traditional cell culture methods.
    • MPS technology holds substantial potential for revolutionizing drug discovery, development, and precision medicine.
    • Continued research and technological innovation are crucial to address remaining challenges and fully realize the potential of MPS.