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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Types of RNA01:20

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Types of RNA01:23

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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mRNA Interactome Capture from Plant Protoplasts
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Long noncoding RNAs shape transcription in plants.

Leandro Lucero1, Camille Fonouni-Farde1, Martin Crespi2

  • 1Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CONICET, Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa Fe , Santa Fe, Argentina.

Transcription
|May 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression in plants. These molecules interact with DNA and proteins to control gene activity at the transcriptional level.

Keywords:
Long noncoding RNAsMEDIATORPRC1PRC2Pol IIPolycombalternative splicingcircRNAsgenome topologyinverted repeatstranscription

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • Eukaryotic genomes are extensively transcribed, producing many non-protein-coding RNAs.
  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression through diverse mechanisms.
  • Plant lncRNAs play crucial roles in gene regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent discoveries on the function of plant lncRNAs.
  • To summarize how plant lncRNAs regulate gene expression transcriptionally.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature.
  • Analysis of studies on plant lncRNA interactions with chromatin, DNA, and proteins.

Main Results:

  • Plant lncRNAs are transcribed by alternative RNA polymerases.
  • lncRNAs can act as long transcripts or be processed into small RNAs.
  • lncRNAs modulate gene expression by interacting with epigenetic machinery and transcriptional complexes.

Conclusions:

  • Plant lncRNAs are critical regulators of gene expression at the transcriptional level.
  • Understanding lncRNA functions is essential for plant biology research.