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Superdiffusion from Emergent Classical Solitons in Quantum Spin Chains.

Jacopo De Nardis1, Sarang Gopalakrishnan2, Enej Ilievski3

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Gent, Belgium.

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|August 29, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Finite-temperature spin transport in quantum Heisenberg spin chains exhibits superdiffusion, aligning with the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class. This study reveals KPZ universality originates from classical solitons in magnets.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Magnetism
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Spin transport in quantum Heisenberg spin chains is superdiffusive.
  • It is conjectured to belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Compute the KPZ coupling strength for the Heisenberg chain as a function of temperature.
  • Establish a quantum-classical correspondence for superdiffusion.
  • Identify the microscopic origin of KPZ universality in magnets.

Main Methods:

  • Kinetic theory of transport.
  • Density-matrix renormalization group simulations for comparison.
  • Rigorous quantum-classical correspondence.

Main Results:

  • Calculated the KPZ coupling strength for the Heisenberg chain, showing good agreement with simulations.
  • Established a correspondence between "giant quasiparticles" and classical solitons.
  • Demonstrated that KPZ universality in classical and quantum magnets stems from classical solitons.

Conclusions:

  • Finite-temperature spin transport in quantum Heisenberg spin chains is superdiffusive and belongs to the KPZ universality class.
  • KPZ universality in integrable isotropic magnets, both classical and quantum, arises from a gas of low-energy classical solitons.