Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Interaction of EM Radiation with Matter: Spectroscopy01:12

Interaction of EM Radiation with Matter: Spectroscopy

2.7K
Electromagnetic (EM) radiation can be considered an oscillating electric and magnetic field propagating through a medium that can interact with matter in its path. The electric field in the radiation can interact with electrical charges in the atoms or molecules in the matter. On the other hand, the magnetic field can interact with the magnetic field in the atomic nucleus. The study of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter is termed spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is the study...
2.7K
Emission Spectra02:39

Emission Spectra

73.9K
When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.
73.9K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

3.1K
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
3.1K
Energy Bands in Solids01:01

Energy Bands in Solids

1.6K
Isolated atoms have discrete energy levels that are well described by the Bohr model. And, it quantifies the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom as En. Higher quantum numbers 'n' yield less negative, closer electron energy levels.
 Band Formation:
When atoms are brought close together, as in a solid, these discrete energy levels begin to split due to the overlap of electron orbitals from adjacent atoms. This split occurs because of the Pauli exclusion principle, which states...
1.6K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

396
AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
396
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

857
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
857

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

EDucation and eXercise for gluteal tendinopathy in an Irish context (EDX-Ireland): findings from the LEAP-Ireland feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Musculoskeletal science & practice·2026
Same author

The Interstellar Mapping And Acceleration Probe High Energy (IMAP-Hi) Neutral Atom Imager.

Space science reviews·2026
Same author

The Solar Wind Electron (SWE) Instrument for the Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe Mission.

Space science reviews·2026
Same author

Direct Samples of Interstellar and Interplanetary Material with IMAP.

Space science reviews·2026
Same author

The High-Energy Ion Telescope (HIT) for the Interstellar Mapping And Acceleration Probe (IMAP) Mission.

Space science reviews·2026
Same author

The IMAP Observatory Overview.

Space science reviews·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 24, 2025

X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells
10:16

X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells

Published on: August 20, 2019

14.2K

Spectral Analysis of the September 2017 Solar Energetic Particle Events.

A Bruno1, E R Christian1, G A de Nolfo1

  • 1Heliophysics Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA.

Space Weather : the International Journal of Research & Applications
|December 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exceptional solar activity in September 2017 produced two major X-class flares and significant solar energetic particle (SEP) events. Analysis revealed detailed spectral properties of these SEP events, offering insights into solar eruption dynamics.

More Related Videos

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials
06:05

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials

Published on: January 15, 2014

7.9K
Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic
06:46

Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic

Published on: August 25, 2016

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 24, 2025

X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells
10:16

X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells

Published on: August 20, 2019

14.2K
Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials
06:05

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials

Published on: January 15, 2014

7.9K
Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic
06:46

Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic

Published on: August 25, 2016

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Space Physics and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
  • Solar Activity and Energetic Particles

Background:

  • Solar cycle 24 decay phase featured intense solar activity in early September 2017.
  • Active Region 12673 produced multiple eruptions, including two of the largest X-class flares in cycle 24 (X9.3 on Sept 6, X8.2 on Sept 10).
  • These flares were associated with fast coronal mass ejections and significant solar energetic particle (SEP) events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze observations of SEP events from early September 2017.
  • To estimate event-integrated spectra above 300 keV and study spectral shape evolution.
  • To interpret spectral findings within the context of shock acceleration and interplanetary transport.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES).
  • Estimation of SEP event-integrated spectra above 300 keV.
  • Detailed study of spectral shape temporal evolution, utilizing multipoint observations from the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO).

Main Results:

  • SEP spectra exhibited a low-energy break at few/tens of MeV.
  • The September 10 event spectrum extended up to ~1 GeV, with a rollover at several hundred MeV.
  • A ground-level enhancement (GLE) was triggered by the September 10 event, the second GLE of cycle 24.

Conclusions:

  • The spectral characteristics provide insights into the acceleration mechanisms of SEPs.
  • Interplanetary transport and magnetic connectivity play crucial roles in shaping SEP events.
  • Comparison with the May 17, 2012 GLE event aids in understanding event variability.