Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

What is Monogastric Digestion?01:50

What is Monogastric Digestion?

74.1K
The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
74.1K
Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

260
Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
260
Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

867
Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
867
Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

806
Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
806
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

662
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
662
Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

1.1K
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

EndoCompass Project: Research Roadmap for Thyroid Endocrinology.

Hormone research in paediatrics·2025
Same author

EndoCompass project: research roadmap for thyroid endocrinology.

European journal of endocrinology·2025
Same author

Controlled Antenatal Thyroid Screening Study III: Effects of Gestational Thyroid Status on Brain Microstructure.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2025
Same author

Changes in Thyroid Function and Autoimmunity in Older Individuals: Longitudinal Analysis of the Whickham Cohort.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2024
Same author

The relationship between the gut microbiota and thyroid disorders.

Nature reviews. Endocrinology·2024
Same author

Controlled Antenatal Thyroid Screening Study III: Effects of Gestational Thyroid Status on Adolescent Brain Morphology.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 19, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

30.6K

Microbiome and Graves' Orbitopathy.

Giulia Masetti1,2, Marian Ludgate1

  • 1Thyroid Research Group, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom.

European Thyroid Journal
|January 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human microbiome plays a role in autoimmune diseases like Graves' disease. This review explores current microbiome research and its connection to the development of these conditions.

Keywords:
AutoimmunityGraves' diseaseGraves' orbitopathyMicrobiome

More Related Videos

Therapeutic Evaluation of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Interleukin 10-Deficient Mouse Model
05:41

Therapeutic Evaluation of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Interleukin 10-Deficient Mouse Model

Published on: April 6, 2022

3.2K
An Intestinal Gut Organ Culture System for Analyzing Host-Microbiota Interactions
05:27

An Intestinal Gut Organ Culture System for Analyzing Host-Microbiota Interactions

Published on: June 30, 2021

4.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 19, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

30.6K
Therapeutic Evaluation of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Interleukin 10-Deficient Mouse Model
05:41

Therapeutic Evaluation of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Interleukin 10-Deficient Mouse Model

Published on: April 6, 2022

3.2K
An Intestinal Gut Organ Culture System for Analyzing Host-Microbiota Interactions
05:27

An Intestinal Gut Organ Culture System for Analyzing Host-Microbiota Interactions

Published on: June 30, 2021

4.8K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Animal models suggest microorganisms influence autoimmunity.
  • The microbiome's role in immune system development is increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of microbiome research.
  • To summarize evidence linking the microbiome to Graves' disease and Graves' orbitopathy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published and ongoing research.
  • Analysis of studies from animal models and human cohorts.

Main Results:

  • The microbiome is a rapidly advancing field with broad implications.
  • Evidence suggests a link between the microbiome and autoimmune pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Microbiome research offers novel insights into disease development.
  • Further investigation is needed to fully understand the microbiome's role in Graves' disease and orbitopathy.