On Research and Translation of Urinary Biomarkers

From the theory of homeostasis, it can be deduced that urine is the source of sensitive disease markers reflecting early changes of the body. The study of urinary biomarkers using animal models is essential to prove this theory and encourage people to continue exploring the potential of urine. In clinical research, when disease-related changes are greater than individual variances, disease-related biomarkers with potential clinical application can be obtained by directly dividing samples into disease groups and control groups. To discover small early changes in disease, pre-and-post control of the same person can minimize most interfering factors. In this way, changes in urinary proteins before, during and after disease and/or treatment can be found, which can provide useful information for early detection and evaluation of the disease condition and treatment effect. In the study of clinical urinary biomarkers, regional and ethnic factors cannot be completely ignored. Diseases such as autism, which have only social behavior changes, may also be reflected in the urine proteome. Current research on urinary biomarkers is not sufficient to earn the recognition it deserves in the field of biomarkers. The recognition of urinary biomarkers will require the cooperation of more doctors and scientists and the participation of more foundations and companies.