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Electrochemiluminescence at 3D Printed Titanium Electrodes.

Samantha F Douman1,2, Miren Ruiz De Eguilaz1, Loanda R Cumba1

  • 1National Centre for Sensor Research, Chemistry Department, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.

Frontiers in Chemistry
|June 11, 2021
PubMed
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This study details a 3D printed titanium electrode array for electrochemiluminescence (ECL). Gold coating significantly enhances electron transfer and ECL intensity, offering a promising platform for electrochemical sensing.

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • 3D printing enables novel electrode fabrication.
  • Titanium electrodes have potential in electrochemistry but often suffer from slow electron transfer.
  • Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) offers sensitive detection methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize a 3D printed titanium electrode array.
  • To investigate the electrochemical properties and ECL performance of the titanium array.
  • To evaluate the effect of gold coating on the electrode's performance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 3D printed titanium electrode array using fused titanium particles.
  • Electrochemical characterization using cyclic voltammetry in acidic, oxygenated solution.
Keywords:
3D-electrode arrayannihilation and co-reactant systemelectrochemiluminescenceheterogeneous electron transfer kineticsvoltammetry

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  • Evaluation of electrochemiluminescence using ferrocyanide and tri-propylamine as co-reactant.
  • Comparison of bare titanium and gold-coated titanium arrays.
  • Main Results:

    • The 3D printed titanium array exhibited a high roughness factor and a potential window of -0.3 to +1.2 V.
    • Quasi-reversible voltammetry of ferrocyanide indicated slow electron transfer on titanium due to oxide formation.
    • Gold coating increased the electron transfer rate constant by ~80-fold, leading to reversible ferrocyanide voltammetry.
    • Gold-coated arrays showed 30-100 times higher ECL intensity compared to bare titanium arrays.

    Conclusions:

    • 3D printed titanium electrode arrays are feasible for electrochemical applications.
    • Gold coating is an effective strategy to enhance electron transfer kinetics and ECL performance.
    • The developed electrode arrays show potential for sensitive ECL-based detection.